fully headless setup for raspberry pi

content/posts/2023.04.27.raspberry-pi-headless-setup.md

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+---
+title: "Fully Headless Setup for Raspberry Pi"
+date: 2023-04-27T20:40:00-04:00
+toc: false
+images:
+tags:
+  - homelab
+---
+
+I always hit this issue: I have a Raspberry Pi I want to set up, but I don't
+want to break out the cables to hook it up to a monitor and keyboard.
+Luckily, the Raspbian OS actually has built-in features for this.
+Just follow these steps:
+
+```sh
+
+# Extract the Raspbian OS Lite image
+xz -d <image>-lite.img.xz
+# Flash the image to the SD card
+dd if=<image>-lite.img of=/dev/sdX bs=4M
+# Mount the boot partition
+mount /dev/sdX1 /mnt
+# Enable SSH
+sudo touch /mnt/ssh
+```
+
+Create a file `/mnt/wpa_supplicant.conf`, with the contents:
+
+```
+country=<2 letter country code here>
+ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
+update_config=1
+
+network={
+    ssid="wifi ssid here"
+    psk="wifi password here"
+}
+```
+
+Set up your user:
+
+```sh
+# replace username and password below
+echo username:(echo 'password' | openssl passwd -6 -stdin) | sudo tee /mnt/userconf
+```
+
+Optional: Set up a hostname.
+
+```sh
+sync
+umount /mnt
+mount /dev/sdX2 /mnt
+# replace host below
+echo host | sudo tee /mnt/etc/hostname
+```
+
+Otherwise, just `sync && umount /mnt` and you are done.
+
+If you did set up the hostname, and you have `.local` domains with Avahi set up,
+you should be able to `ssh username@host.local`. If you didn't, or if that
+doesn't work, use your router's DHCP page to find the IP address for the
+Raspberry Pi.